獸藥的不合理使用可導(dǎo)致動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品及環(huán)境中獸藥殘留超標(biāo)，從而對(duì)公共衛(wèi)生安全構(gòu)成威脅。QuEChERS法是一類快速、簡便、經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效、耐用和安全的樣品前處理方法，常用于植物產(chǎn)品農(nóng)藥檢測。通過持續(xù)優(yōu)化，目前該方法開始在動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品獸藥殘留檢測中得到應(yīng)用。本文綜述了QuEChERS法的特點(diǎn)，探討了該方法在畜禽產(chǎn)品或樣品獸藥殘留檢測中的優(yōu)化與應(yīng)用。與植物樣品相比，動(dòng)物相關(guān)樣品基質(zhì)復(fù)雜，脂肪含量較高，因此需要對(duì)QuEChERS法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。常用的優(yōu)化方式包括提取液優(yōu)化、脫水鹽優(yōu)化和吸附劑優(yōu)化。目前QuEChERS法在畜禽肌肉、內(nèi)臟、雞蛋、牛奶及相關(guān)產(chǎn)品以及尿液、糞便等環(huán)境樣品獸藥殘留萃取中得到應(yīng)用。隨著與其他提取凈化方法的連用以及自動(dòng)化提取裝置的不斷更新，未來QuEChERS法會(huì)得到持續(xù)優(yōu)化與發(fā)展，其提取效率和凈化效果將進(jìn)一步得到提高，并將在動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品殘留檢測中發(fā)揮重要作用。
Optimization and Application of QuEChERS in Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues
The abuse of veterinary drugs would lead to excessive veterinary drug residues in animal products and environment，posing a threat to public health. The QuEChERS，which is quick，easy，cheap，effective，rugged and safe，is a pretreatment method for samples and usually used to detect pesticide in plant products. At present，the method with continuous optimization has been applied in the detection of veterinary drug residues in animal samples. In the paper，the characteristics of the method were summarized，its optimization and application in the detection of veterinary drug residues in livestock and poultry products or samples were discussed. Animal samples were with complex matrix and higher fat content compared to plant samples，so the method should be optimized by common means including the optimizations of extraction solution，dehydration salt and adsorbent. At present，the QuEChERS has been applied in the extraction of veterinary drug residues in animal muscle，viscera，eggs，milk and related products，as well as urine，feces and other environmental samples. With continuous use of other extraction and update of automatic extraction units，the QuEChERS would be continuously optimized and developed in the future，and its extraction efficiency and purification effect would be further improved to play an important role in detection of veterinary drug residues in animal products.
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